The objective was to bring together in one agency all Federal programs in the fields of health, education, and social security. The new agency originally consisted of the following major components: the These programs employed artists, musicians, actors and writers.Federal One also established more than 100 community art centers throughout the country.Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.The architecture of many U.S. buildings constructed as part of Great Depression relief projects is often referred to as “PWA Moderne” (for Public Works Administration, another New Deal program) or “Depression Moderne.” The style blended neoclassical and Art Deco elements.Works Progress Administration (WPA)A Gallup poll in 1939 asked Americans what they liked best and worst about FDR’s New Deal. The WPA was designed to provide relief for the unemployed by providing jobs and income for millions of Americans.
It is in decline today only because of the appetite and ambition of the federal government. The PWA headquarters in Washington planned projects, which were built by private construction companies hiring workers on the open market. The answer to both questions was “the WPA.”When FDR took office in 1933, he promised a “New Deal” for everyone. President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveiled the Civil Works Administration on November 8, 1933, and put one of the architects of the New Deal Harry L. Hopkins, in charge of the short-term agency. It was established as a result of the Federal Emergency Relief Act of 1933. The program collected interviews, articles and notes on African American life in the South, including oral histories from former slaves.Some politicians criticized the WPA for its inefficiencies.
In 1935, the WPA employed approximately 350,000 African Americans, about 15 percent of its total workforce.
Some of this was intentional. Some of them later became world-renowned.Federal One comprised a small part of WPA expenditures.
“Boondoggling” entered the American lexicon as a term to describe these and other government projects that critics deemed wasteful or pointless.At its height, Federal One employed 5,300 visual artists and related professionals. Federal Housing Administration (FHA), agency within the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) that was established by the National Housing Act on June 27, 1934 to facilitate home financing, improve housing standards, and increase employment in the home-construction industry in the wake of the Great Depression.
The FERA agency was created as part of FDR's New Deal Programs that encompassed his strategies of Relief, Recovery and Reform to combat the problems and effects of the Great Depression. At its height in late 1938, more than 3.3 million Americans worked for the WPA.The WPA – which in 1939 was renamed the Work Projects Administration – employed mostly unskilled men to carry out public works infrastructure projects. The WPA avoided cost-saving technologies and machinery in order to hire more workers.While inequities existed under the programs, many women, blacks and other minorities found employment with the WPA.
Perhaps best known for its public works projects, the WPA also sponsored projects in the arts – the agency employed tens of thousands of actors, musicians, writers and other artists.Unions protested the WPA for its refusal to pay wages as high as those in the private sector.The WPA put women to work in clerical jobs, gardening, canning and as librarians and seamstresses. The national failures seen through out the federal government today -- inflationary monetary policies, unemployment out of control, and a debt growing exponentially -- are all very eloquent arguments for restoring both the Constitution and federalism. The Federal Music and Theatre projects also supported black musicians and actors.The unemployment rate in 1935 was at a staggering 20 percent. Creation and Authority.--The Federal Works Agency was created by the President's Reorganization Plan I, dated April 25, 1939, under the provisions of the Reorganization Act of 1939.. By Executive order 8194, dated July 6, 1939, the Federal Fire Council was placed under the Federal Works Agency.
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